Die Benachteiligung der Kinder mit Migrationshintergrund im deutschen Schulsystem: Der Übergang vom Primar- auf den Sekundarbereich und die Rational Choice Theorie
©2012
Bachelorarbeit
43 Seiten
Zusammenfassung
Noch immer bestehen ungleiche Chancen der Bildungsbeteiligung in den deutschen Schulen. Internationale Schulleistungsuntersuchungen wie PISA (Programme for International Student Assessment) und IGLU (Internationale Grundschul-Lese-Untersuchung) weisen beständig nach, dass Schüler aus weniger privilegierten Verhältnissen sowie Schüler mit Migrationshintergrund an der Bildungsteilhabe benachteiligt sind. Es wird darauf hingewiesen, dass besonders an der unterschiedlichen Verteilung der Schüler auf die verschiedenen Schulformen der Sekundarstufe I, ethnische und soziale Disparitäten in der Bildungsbeteiligung ersichtlich werden, die sich vor allem aufgrund selektiver Übergangsentscheidungen und Schulartwechsel ergeben. So erreichen Kinder mit Migrationshintergrund seltener das Abitur und erwerben deutlich häufiger nur den Hauptschulabschluss oder bleiben zehnmal häufiger ganz ohne Abschluss als Gleichaltrige ohne Migrationshintergrund.
Für den Übertritt spielen jedoch nicht nur die Schülerleistungen am Ende der vierten Klasse eine Rolle, sondern auch nicht-leistungsmäßige Aspekte, wie unterschiedliche Aspirationen und Orientierungen von Eltern und Lehrern. Jene werden teilweise durch die soziale Herkunft beeinflusst, weshalb gleichzeitig von einer sozialen Auslese auf den Sekundarbereich gesprochen werden kann. Dies legt eine vermehrte Beschäftigung mit den Prozessen nahe, die an solchen Knotenpunkten das Wahl- und Übergangsverhalten bestimmen. Die Überlegungen der Wahl von Bildungswegen stellte insbesondere der französische Soziologe Raymond Boudon in den 1970er Jahren an. Er entwickelte die Theorie des rationalen Entscheidungs- oder Wahlverhaltens von Eltern und Lehrern, die sogenannte Rational Choice Theorie. Sie wird seither oft als Grundmodell für die Untersuchung der Ursachen und Mechanismen von Bildungsungleichheit herangezogen, insbesondere am Übergang in die Sekundarstufe I.
Für den Übertritt spielen jedoch nicht nur die Schülerleistungen am Ende der vierten Klasse eine Rolle, sondern auch nicht-leistungsmäßige Aspekte, wie unterschiedliche Aspirationen und Orientierungen von Eltern und Lehrern. Jene werden teilweise durch die soziale Herkunft beeinflusst, weshalb gleichzeitig von einer sozialen Auslese auf den Sekundarbereich gesprochen werden kann. Dies legt eine vermehrte Beschäftigung mit den Prozessen nahe, die an solchen Knotenpunkten das Wahl- und Übergangsverhalten bestimmen. Die Überlegungen der Wahl von Bildungswegen stellte insbesondere der französische Soziologe Raymond Boudon in den 1970er Jahren an. Er entwickelte die Theorie des rationalen Entscheidungs- oder Wahlverhaltens von Eltern und Lehrern, die sogenannte Rational Choice Theorie. Sie wird seither oft als Grundmodell für die Untersuchung der Ursachen und Mechanismen von Bildungsungleichheit herangezogen, insbesondere am Übergang in die Sekundarstufe I.
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Details
- Seiten
- Erscheinungsform
- Erstausgabe
- Jahr
- 2012
- ISBN (PDF)
- 9783955495060
- ISBN (Paperback)
- 9783955490065
- Dateigröße
- 970 KB
- Sprache
- Deutsch
- Institution / Hochschule
- Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München
- Erscheinungsdatum
- 2013 (Juli)
- Note
- 1
- Schlagworte
- Migration Chancengleichheit Schulübergang Bildungsforschung Bildungssystem
